Astronomers have dubbed it the "Airland" and it is the farthest star ever seen by the Hubble telescope. It took 12.9 billion years for the light of this star to reach us.
Telescopes can only detect galaxies with millions of stars at such distances, but Hubble used a natural process similar to a zoom to take a separate image of the Irish.
This process is called gravitational lacing and its method is as follows: If there are clusters of galaxies in the line of sight, then the light emanating from the galaxies in this great mass of matter is exposed by twisting the gravitational bridge.
This is usually the case with other galaxies, but this time it was the Erandel Lens Effect, the most useful part of the lens effect.
"We are very fortunate," said Brian Welch, a PhD student at Johns Hopkins University in the United States. This is the end of such a high magnification of something. If you get the right angle of view, as happened in this case, the magnification can be increased thousands of times.
Earlier, Icarus was the star that recorded the longest distance. It was also photographed by Hubble. It took 9 billion years for the light from it to reach us.
Obviously, the Irishland is a long way off. We see it only 900 million years after the Big Bang, when the universe was 6% older than its current age.
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Irandal is an Old English word meaning "star of dawn" or "rising light". The image from Hubble shows nothing more than a dot. This point is also a crescent-shaped light produced by a lens or lens and has been dubbed the 'Sunrise Arc'.
Welch and his colleagues published a report on the discovery of the star in the scientific journal Nature. His team says there is still much to learn about the star.
For example, the size of the earlobe was not accurately estimated. It is at least 50 times larger than our Sun but depends on the exact magnitude of the magnification and may be much larger than that. Will be in the big stars visible until.
It is also possible that what Hubble saw was in the form of a double, that is, two stars orbiting in close orbit. However, if this is the case then the light of big partner has reached us because it will dominate.
Some astronomers may question whether there may be a cluster of very close stars, rather than a single star, but Welch says there is a limit to the process by which the lensing effect gives light a cigar-like shape. Will be He believes that Hubble has obtained a picture of one or at most two stars.
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An astonishing aspect of the speculation is related to the structure of the airplane. This is a way of understanding the information obtained, which would make it appear that it is one of the first stars to form, something that came into being from the very fine gas that formed as a result of the Big Bang.
Theoretically, the earliest shining stars in the universe contained only hydrogen and helium gases. Astronomers call them Population III stars. When heavy metals were mixed in these stars and the stars that came after them, then the atmosphere in which we are living came into being.
But a star 50 times the mass of the Sun can burn for a very short time, perhaps up to a million years, after which it will run out of fuel and die. Therefore, in order for an early star to survive for 900 million (900 million) years after the Big Bang, it must be found in an isolated environment where there is no mixing of gases. It is not impossible but difficult.
"Yes, we expect the Irish to contain some heavy metals, but not as much as we do today," says Welch.
"It simply came to our notice then. Other studies suggest that such stars may be found on the outer surface of galaxies, but that this would require detailed information from telescopes such as James Webb's.
James Webb replaces Hubble. It was launched last December. Its lens is bigger and its analytical tools are much better. It will be able to get the details that were beyond Hubble's bus.
James Webb will begin scientific operations in two or three months. Welch and his team have been scheduled to make a detailed study of the Airland from this new observatory.
But this is the moment to celebrate Hubble's talent. It was launched in 1990 and although it is now being replaced by a new telescope, Hubble is making astonishing discoveries.
"The Hubble Space Telescope is working very well," said Dr. Jennifer Weizmann, NASA's project director.
"It simply came to our notice then. Scientifically useful as always, and our focus now is on the scientific research that Hubble will do in the days to come. We want the Hubble Space Telescope to work alongside the James Webb Space Telescope. With both, we will learn a lot about the universe that we never knew before. "
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